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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
Title  |
Model Based Synthesis of Control Software from System Level Formal Specifications | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | abs/1107.5638 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems, that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for automatic synthesis of embedded systems control software.
We present an algorithm, along with a tool QKS implementing it, that from a formal model (as a Discrete Time Linear Hybrid System) of the controlled system (plant), implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital, AD, conversion) and System Level Formal Specifications (that is, safety and liveness requirements for the closed loop system) returns correct-by-construction control software that has a Worst Case Execution Time (WCET) linear in the number of AD bits and meets the given specifications. We show feasibility of our approach by presenting experimental results on using it to synthesize control software for a buck DC-DC converter, a widely used mixed-mode analog circuit, and for the inverted pendulum. |
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| Publisher | CoRR, Technical Report | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ | Serial | 104 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
Model Based Synthesis of Control Software from System Level Formal Specifications | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY | Abbreviated Journal | ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 1 | Pages | Article 6 |
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| Publisher | ACM | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1049-331X | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ melatti @ | Serial | 110 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Alvisi, Lorenzo; Clement, Allen; Li, Harry | ||||
| Title |
Model Checking Coalition Nash Equilibria in MAD Distributed Systems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, 11th International Symposium, SSS 2009, Lyon, France, November 3-6, 2009. Proceedings | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 531-546 | ||
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| Abstract | We present two OBDD based model checking algorithms for the verification of Nash equilibria in finite state mechanisms modeling Multiple Administrative Domains (MAD) distributed systems with possibly colluding agents (coalitions) and with possibly faulty or malicious nodes (Byzantine agents). Given a finite state mechanism, a proposed protocol for each agent and the maximum sizes f for Byzantine agents and q for agents collusions, our model checkers return Pass if the proposed protocol is an ε-f-q-Nash equilibrium, i.e. no coalition of size up to q may have an interest greater than ε in deviating from the proposed protocol when up to f Byzantine agents are present, Fail otherwise. We implemented our model checking algorithms within the NuSMV model checker: the first one explicitly checks equilibria for each coalition, while the second represents symbolically all coalitions. We present experimental results showing their effectiveness for moderate size mechanisms. For example, we can verify coalition Nash equilibria for mechanisms which corresponding normal form games would have more than $5 \times 10^21$ entries. Moreover, we compare the two approaches, and the explicit algorithm turns out to outperform the symbolic one. To the best of our knowledge, no model checking algorithm for verification of Nash equilibria of mechanisms with coalitions has been previously published. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | Guerraoui, R.; Petit, F. | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Lecture Notes in Computer Science | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | 5873 | Series Issue | Edition | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ sss09 | Serial | 19 | ||
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| Author | Verzino Giovanni ; Cavaliere, Federico; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Minei, Giovanni; Salvo, Ivano; Yushtein, Yuri; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
Model checking driven simulation of sat procedures | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Space Operations (SpaceOps 2012) | Abbreviated Journal | International Conference on Space Operations |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ melatti @ | Serial | 117 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Alvisi, Lorenzo; Clement, Allen; Li, Harry | ||||
| Title |
Model Checking Nash Equilibria in MAD Distributed Systems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | FMCAD '08: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-8 | ||
| Keywords | Model Checking, MAD Distributed System, Nash Equilibrium | ||||
| Abstract | We present a symbolic model checking algorithm for verification of Nash equilibria in finite state mechanisms modeling Multiple Administrative Domains (MAD) distributed systems. Given a finite state mechanism, a proposed protocol for each agent and an indifference threshold for rewards, our model checker returns PASS if the proposed protocol is a Nash equilibrium (up to the given indifference threshold) for the given mechanism, FAIL otherwise. We implemented our model checking algorithm inside the NuSMV model checker and present experimental results showing its effectiveness for moderate size mechanisms. For example, we can handle mechanisms which corresponding normal form games would have more than $10^20$ entries. To the best of our knowledge, no model checking algorithm for verification of mechanism Nash equilibria has been previously published. | ||||
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| Publisher | IEEE Press | Place of Publication | Piscataway, NJ, USA | Editor | Cimatti, A.; Jones, R. |
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| ISSN | 978-1-4244-2735-2 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ MarMelSalTroAlvCle08 | Serial | 93 | ||
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| Author | Cavaliere, Federico; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Minei, Giovanni; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Verzino, Giovanni; Yushtein, Yuri | ||||
| Title |
Model Checking Satellite Operational Procedures | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | DAta Systems In Aerospace (DASIA), Org. EuroSpace, Canadian Space Agency, CNES, ESA, EUMETSAT. San Anton, Malta, EuroSpace. | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | We present a model checking approach for the automatic verification of satellite operational procedures (OPs). Building a model for a complex system as a satellite is a hard task. We overcome this obstruction by using a suitable simulator (SIMSAT) for the satellite. Our approach aims at improving OP quality assurance by automatic exhaustive exploration of all possible simulation scenarios. Moreover, our solution decreases OP verification costs by using a model checker (CMurphi) to automatically drive the simulator. We model OPs as user-executed programs observing the simulator telemetries and sending telecommands to the simulator. In order to assess feasibility of our approach we present experimental results on a simple meaningful scenario. Our results show that we can save up to 90% of verification time. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ Dasia11 | Serial | 13 | ||
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| Author | Mancini, T. ; Mari, F.; Massini, A.; Melatti, I.; Salvo, I.; Tronci, E. | ||||
| Title |
On minimising the maximum expected verification time | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Information Processing Letters | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ | Serial | 163 | ||
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| Author | Alimguzhin, Vadim; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
On Model Based Synthesis of Embedded Control Software | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Embedded Software, EMSOFT 2012, part of the Eighth Embedded Systems Week, ESWeek 2012, Tampere, Finland, October 7-12, 2012 | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 227-236 | ||
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| Publisher | ACM | Place of Publication | Editor | Ahmed Jerraya and Luca P. Carloni and Florence Maraninchi and John Regehr | |
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| ISSN | ISBN | 978-1-4503-1425-1 | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Techreport version can be found at arxiv.org | Approved | yes | ||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ emsoft12 | Serial | 97 | ||
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| Author | Alimguzhin, Vadim; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
On Model Based Synthesis of Embedded Control Software | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | abs/1207.4474 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems (SBCSs), that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for control software. Given the formal model of a plant as a Discrete Time Linear Hybrid System and the implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital (AD) conversion) correct-by-construction control software can be automatically generated from System Level Formal Specifications of the closed loop system (that is, safety and liveness requirements), by computing a suitable finite abstraction of the plant.
With respect to given implementation specifications, the automatically generated code implements a time optimal control strategy (in terms of set-up time), has a Worst Case Execution Time linear in the number of AD bits $b$, but unfortunately, its size grows exponentially with respect to $b$. In many embedded systems, there are severe restrictions on the computational resources (such as memory or computational power) available to microcontroller devices. This paper addresses model based synthesis of control software by trading system level non-functional requirements (such us optimal set-up time, ripple) with software non-functional requirements (its footprint). Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach: for the inverted pendulum benchmark, by using a quantization schema with 12 bits, the size of the small controller is less than 6% of the size of the time optimal one. |
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| Publisher | CoRR, Technical Report | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ | Serial | 102 | ||
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| Author | Alimguzhin, Vadim; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
On-the-Fly Control Software Synthesis | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Proceedings of International SPIN Symposium on Model Checking of Software (SPIN 2013) | Abbreviated Journal | International SPIN Symposium on Model Checking of Software |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 61-80 | ||
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| Publisher | Springer - Verlag | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Lecture Notes in Computer Science | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | 7976 | Series Issue | Edition | ||
| ISSN | 0302-9743 | ISBN | 978-3-642-39175-0 | Medium | |
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ melatti @ | Serial | 111 | ||
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