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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
Title  |
Linear Constraints and Guarded Predicates as a Modeling Language for Discrete Time Hybrid Systems | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | International Journal on Advances in Software | Abbreviated Journal | Intern. Journal on Advances in SW |
| Volume | vol. 6, nr 1&2 | Issue | Pages | 155-169 | |
| Keywords | Model-based software design; Linear predicates; Hybrid systems | ||||
| Abstract | Model based design is particularly appealing in
software based control systems (e.g., embedded software) design, since in such a case system level specifications are much easier to define than the control software behavior itself. In turn, model based design of embedded systems requires modeling both continuous subsystems (typically, the plant) as well as discrete subsystems (the controller). This is typically done using hybrid systems. Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) based abstraction techniques have been successfully applied to automatically synthesize correct-by-construction control software for discrete time linear hybrid systems, where plant dynamics is modeled as a linear predicate over state, input, and next state variables. Unfortunately, MILP solvers require such linear predicates to be conjunctions of linear constraints, which is not a natural way of modeling hybrid systems. In this paper we show that, under the hypothesis that each variable ranges over a bounded interval, any linear predicate built upon conjunction and disjunction of linear constraints can be automatically translated into an equivalent conjunctive predicate. Since variable bounds play a key role in this translation, our algorithm includes a procedure to compute all implicit variable bounds of the given linear predicate. Furthermore, we show that a particular form of linear predicates, namely guarded predicates, are a natural and powerful language to succinctly model discrete time linear hybrid systems dynamics. Finally, we experimentally show the feasibility of our approach on an important and challenging case study taken from the literature, namely the multi-input Buck DC-DC Converter. As an example, the guarded predicate that models (with 57 constraints) a 6-inputs Buck DC-DC Converter is translated in a conjunctive predicate (with 102 linear constraints) in about 40 minutes. |
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| Publisher | IARIA | Place of Publication | Editor | Luigi Lavazza | |
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| ISSN | 1942-2628 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ melatti @ | Serial | 115 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
Linear Constraints as a Modeling Language for Discrete Time Hybrid Systems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Proceedings of ICSEA 2012, The Seventh International Conference on Software Engineering Advances | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 664-671 | ||
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| Publisher | ThinkMind | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ icsea12 | Serial | 98 | ||
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| Author | Alimguzhin, V.; Mari, F.; Melatti, I.; Salvo, I.; Tronci, E. | ||||
| Title |
Linearising Discrete Time Hybrid Systems | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 62 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 5357-5364 |
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| Abstract | Model Based Design approaches for embedded systems aim at generating correct-by-construction control software, guaranteeing that the closed loop system (controller and plant) meets given system level formal specifications. This technical note addresses control synthesis for safety and reachability properties of possibly non-linear discrete time hybrid systems. By means of syntactical transformations that require non-linear terms to be Lipschitz continuous functions, we over-approximate non-linear dynamics with a linear system whose controllers are guaranteed to be controllers of the original system. We evaluate performance of our approach on meaningful control synthesis benchmarks, also comparing it to a state-of-the-art tool. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0018-9286 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ ref7902199 | Serial | 164 | ||
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| Author | Coppo, Mario; Dezani-Ciancaglini, Mariangiola; Giovannetti, Elio; Salvo, Ivano | ||||
| Title |
Mobility Types for Mobile Processes in Mobile Ambients | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Electr. Notes Theor. Comput. Sci. | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 78 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | We present an ambient-like calculus in which the open capability is dropped, and a new form of “lightweight†process mobility is introduced. The calculus comes equipped with a type system that allows the kind of values exchanged in communications and the access and mobility properties of processes to be controlled. A type inference procedure determines the “minimal†requirements to accept a system or a component as well typed. This gives a kind of principal typing. As an expressiveness test, we show that some well known calculi of concurrency and mobility can be encoded in our calculus in a natural way. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ Coppo-Dezani-Giovannetti-Salvo:03 | Serial | 74 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
Model Based Synthesis of Control Software from System Level Formal Specifications | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY | Abbreviated Journal | ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY |
| Volume | 23 | Issue | 1 | Pages | Article 6 |
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| Publisher | ACM | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| ISSN | 1049-331X | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ melatti @ | Serial | 110 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
Model Based Synthesis of Control Software from System Level Formal Specifications | Type | Report | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | abs/1107.5638 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Abstract | Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems, that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for automatic synthesis of embedded systems control software.
We present an algorithm, along with a tool QKS implementing it, that from a formal model (as a Discrete Time Linear Hybrid System) of the controlled system (plant), implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital, AD, conversion) and System Level Formal Specifications (that is, safety and liveness requirements for the closed loop system) returns correct-by-construction control software that has a Worst Case Execution Time (WCET) linear in the number of AD bits and meets the given specifications. We show feasibility of our approach by presenting experimental results on using it to synthesize control software for a buck DC-DC converter, a widely used mixed-mode analog circuit, and for the inverted pendulum. |
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| Publisher | CoRR, Technical Report | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ | Serial | 104 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Alvisi, Lorenzo; Clement, Allen; Li, Harry | ||||
| Title |
Model Checking Coalition Nash Equilibria in MAD Distributed Systems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2009 | Publication | Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems, 11th International Symposium, SSS 2009, Lyon, France, November 3-6, 2009. Proceedings | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 531-546 | ||
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| Abstract | We present two OBDD based model checking algorithms for the verification of Nash equilibria in finite state mechanisms modeling Multiple Administrative Domains (MAD) distributed systems with possibly colluding agents (coalitions) and with possibly faulty or malicious nodes (Byzantine agents). Given a finite state mechanism, a proposed protocol for each agent and the maximum sizes f for Byzantine agents and q for agents collusions, our model checkers return Pass if the proposed protocol is an ε-f-q-Nash equilibrium, i.e. no coalition of size up to q may have an interest greater than ε in deviating from the proposed protocol when up to f Byzantine agents are present, Fail otherwise. We implemented our model checking algorithms within the NuSMV model checker: the first one explicitly checks equilibria for each coalition, while the second represents symbolically all coalitions. We present experimental results showing their effectiveness for moderate size mechanisms. For example, we can verify coalition Nash equilibria for mechanisms which corresponding normal form games would have more than $5 \times 10^21$ entries. Moreover, we compare the two approaches, and the explicit algorithm turns out to outperform the symbolic one. To the best of our knowledge, no model checking algorithm for verification of Nash equilibria of mechanisms with coalitions has been previously published. | ||||
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| Publisher | Springer | Place of Publication | Editor | Guerraoui, R.; Petit, F. | |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Lecture Notes in Computer Science | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
| Series Volume | 5873 | Series Issue | Edition | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ sss09 | Serial | 19 | ||
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| Author | Verzino Giovanni ; Cavaliere, Federico; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Minei, Giovanni; Salvo, Ivano; Yushtein, Yuri; Tronci, Enrico | ||||
| Title |
Model checking driven simulation of sat procedures | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2012 | Publication | Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Space Operations (SpaceOps 2012) | Abbreviated Journal | International Conference on Space Operations |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ melatti @ | Serial | 117 | ||
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| Author | Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Alvisi, Lorenzo; Clement, Allen; Li, Harry | ||||
| Title |
Model Checking Nash Equilibria in MAD Distributed Systems | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2008 | Publication | FMCAD '08: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 1-8 | ||
| Keywords | Model Checking, MAD Distributed System, Nash Equilibrium | ||||
| Abstract | We present a symbolic model checking algorithm for verification of Nash equilibria in finite state mechanisms modeling Multiple Administrative Domains (MAD) distributed systems. Given a finite state mechanism, a proposed protocol for each agent and an indifference threshold for rewards, our model checker returns PASS if the proposed protocol is a Nash equilibrium (up to the given indifference threshold) for the given mechanism, FAIL otherwise. We implemented our model checking algorithm inside the NuSMV model checker and present experimental results showing its effectiveness for moderate size mechanisms. For example, we can handle mechanisms which corresponding normal form games would have more than $10^20$ entries. To the best of our knowledge, no model checking algorithm for verification of mechanism Nash equilibria has been previously published. | ||||
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| Publisher | IEEE Press | Place of Publication | Piscataway, NJ, USA | Editor | Cimatti, A.; Jones, R. |
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| ISSN | 978-1-4244-2735-2 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ MarMelSalTroAlvCle08 | Serial | 93 | ||
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| Author | Cavaliere, Federico; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Minei, Giovanni; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Verzino, Giovanni; Yushtein, Yuri | ||||
| Title |
Model Checking Satellite Operational Procedures | Type | Conference Article | ||
| Year | 2011 | Publication | DAta Systems In Aerospace (DASIA), Org. EuroSpace, Canadian Space Agency, CNES, ESA, EUMETSAT. San Anton, Malta, EuroSpace. | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | We present a model checking approach for the automatic verification of satellite operational procedures (OPs). Building a model for a complex system as a satellite is a hard task. We overcome this obstruction by using a suitable simulator (SIMSAT) for the satellite. Our approach aims at improving OP quality assurance by automatic exhaustive exploration of all possible simulation scenarios. Moreover, our solution decreases OP verification costs by using a model checker (CMurphi) to automatically drive the simulator. We model OPs as user-executed programs observing the simulator telemetries and sending telecommands to the simulator. In order to assess feasibility of our approach we present experimental results on a simple meaningful scenario. Our results show that we can save up to 90% of verification time. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Sapienza @ mari @ Dasia11 | Serial | 13 | ||
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