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	Author	Sinisi, S.; Alimguzhin, V.; Mancini, T.; Tronci, E.
	Title	Reconciling interoperability with efficient Verification and Validation within open source simulation environments			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	102277
	Keywords	Simulation, Verification and Validation, Interoperability, FMI/FMU, Model Exchange, Cyber-Physical Systems
	Abstract	A Cyber-Physical System (CPS) comprises physical as well as software subsystems. Simulation-based approaches are typically used to support design and Verification and Validation (V&V) of CPSs in several domains such as: aerospace, defence, automotive, smart grid and healthcare. Accordingly, many simulation-based tools are available to support CPS design. This, on one side, enables designers to choose the toolchain that best suits their needs, on the other side poses huge interoperability challenges when one needs to simulate CPSs whose subsystems have been designed and modelled using different toolchains. To overcome such an interoperability problem, in 2010 the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) has been proposed as an open standard to support both Model Exchange (ME) and Co-Simulation (CS) of simulation models created with different toolchains. FMI has been adopted by several modelling and simulation environments. Models adhering to such a standard are called Functional Mock-up Units (FMUs). Indeed FMUs play an essential role in defining complex CPSs through, e.g., the System Structure and Parametrization (SSP) standard. Simulation-based V&V of CPSs typically requires exploring different simulation scenarios (i.e., exogenous input sequences to the CPS under design). Many such scenarios have a shared prefix. Accordingly, to avoid simulating many times such shared prefixes, the simulator state at the end of a shared prefix is saved and then restored and used as a start state for the simulation of the next scenario. In this context, an important FMI feature is the capability to save and restore the internal FMU state on demand. This is crucial to increase efficiency of simulation-based V&V. Unfortunately, the implementation of this feature is not mandatory and it is available only within some commercial software. As a result, the interoperability enabled by the FMI standard cannot be fully exploited for V&V when using open-source simulation environments. This motivates developing such a feature for open-source CPS simulation environments. Accordingly, in this paper, we focus on JModelica, an open-source modelling and simulation environment for CPSs based on an open standard modelling language, namely Modelica. We describe how we have endowed JModelica with our open-source implementation of the FMI 2.0 functions needed to save and restore internal states of FMUs for ME. Furthermore, we present experimental results evaluating, through 934 benchmark models, correctness and efficiency of our extended JModelica. Our experimental results show that simulation-based V&V is, on average, 22 times faster with our get/set functionality than without it.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1569-190x	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	MCLab @ davi @ Sinisi2021102277			Serial	186
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	Author	Fischer, S.; Ehrig, R.; Schaefer, S.; Tronci, E.; Mancini, T.; Egli, M.; Ille, F.; Krueger, T.H.C.; Leeners, B.; Roeblitz, S.
	Title	Mathematical Modeling and Simulation Provides Evidence for New Strategies of Ovarian Stimulation			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	Frontiers in Endocrinology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	12	Issue		Pages	117
	Keywords
	Abstract	New approaches to ovarian stimulation protocols, such as luteal start, random start or double stimulation, allow for flexibility in ovarian stimulation at different phases of the menstrual cycle. It has been proposed that the success of these methods is based on the continuous growth of multiple cohorts (“waves”) of follicles throughout the menstrual cycle which leads to the availability of ovarian follicles for ovarian controlled stimulation at several time points. Though several preliminary studies have been published, their scientific evidence has not been considered as being strong enough to integrate these results into routine clinical practice. This work aims at adding further scientific evidence about the efficiency of variable-start protocols and underpinning the theory of follicular waves by using mathematical modeling and numerical simulations. For this purpose, we have modified and coupled two previously published models, one describing the time course of hormones and one describing competitive follicular growth in a normal menstrual cycle. The coupled model is used to test ovarian stimulation protocols in silico. Simulation results show the occurrence of follicles in a wave-like manner during a normal menstrual cycle and qualitatively predict the outcome of ovarian stimulation initiated at different time points of the menstrual cycle.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1664-2392	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	MCLab @ davi @ ref10.3389/fendo.2021.613048			Serial	189
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	Author	Melatti, I.; Mari, F.; Mancini, T.; Prodanovic, M.; Tronci, E.
	Title	A Two-Layer Near-Optimal Strategy for Substation Constraint Management via Home Batteries			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-1
	Keywords
	Abstract	Within electrical distribution networks, substation constraints management requires that aggregated power demand from residential users is kept within suitable bounds. Efficiency of substation constraints management can be measured as the reduction of constraints violations w.r.t. unmanaged demand. Home batteries hold the promise of enabling efficient and user-oblivious substation constraints management. Centralized control of home batteries would achieve optimal efficiency. However, it is hardly acceptable by users, since service providers (e.g., utilities or aggregators) would directly control batteries at user premises. Unfortunately, devising efficient hierarchical control strategies, thus overcoming the above problem, is far from easy. We present a novel two-layer control strategy for home batteries that avoids direct control of home devices by the service provider and at the same time yields near-optimal substation constraints management efficiency. Our simulation results on field data from 62 households in Denmark show that the substation constraints management efficiency achieved with our approach is at least 82% of the one obtained with a theoretical optimal centralized strategy.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	To appear			Approved	no
	Call Number	MCLab @ davi @ ref9513535			Serial	190
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	Author	Mancini, T.; Melatti, I.; Tronci, E.
	Title	Any-horizon uniform random sampling and enumeration of constrained scenarios for simulation-based formal verification			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2021	Publication	IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	1-1
	Keywords
	Abstract	Model-based approaches to the verification of non-terminating Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) usually rely on numerical simulation of the System Under Verification (SUV) model under input scenarios of possibly varying duration, chosen among those satisfying given constraints. Such constraints typically stem from requirements (or assumptions) on the SUV inputs and its operational environment as well as from the enforcement of additional conditions aiming at, e.g., prioritising the (often extremely long) verification activity, by, e.g., focusing on scenarios explicitly exercising selected requirements, or avoiding </i>vacuity</i> in their satisfaction. In this setting, the possibility to efficiently sample at random (with a known distribution, e.g., uniformly) within, or to efficiently enumerate (possibly in a uniformly random order) scenarios among those satisfying all the given constraints is a key enabler for the practical viability of the verification process, e.g., via simulation-based statistical model checking. Unfortunately, in case of non-trivial combinations of constraints, iterative approaches like Markovian random walks in the space of sequences of inputs in general fail in extracting scenarios according to a given distribution (e.g., uniformly), and can be very inefficient to produce at all scenarios that are both legal (with respect to SUV assumptions) and of interest (with respect to the additional constraints). For example, in our case studies, up to 91% of the scenarios generated using such iterative approaches would need to be neglected. In this article, we show how, given a set of constraints on the input scenarios succinctly defined by multiple finite memory monitors, a data structure (scenario generator) can be synthesised, from which any-horizon scenarios satisfying the input constraints can be efficiently extracted by (possibly uniform) random sampling or (randomised) enumeration. Our approach enables seamless support to virtually all simulation-based approaches to CPS verification, ranging from simple random testing to statistical model checking and formal (i.e., exhaustive) verification, when a suitable bound on the horizon or an iterative horizon enlargement strategy is defined, as in the spirit of bounded model checking.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1939-3520	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	To appear			Approved	no
	Call Number	MCLab @ davi @ ref9527998			Serial	191
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	Author	Tronci, Enrico
	Title	Introductory Paper			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Sttt	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	8	Issue	4-5	Pages	355-358
	Keywords
	Abstract	In todayÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s competitive market designing of digital systems (hardware as well as software) faces tremendous challenges. In fact, notwithstanding an ever decreasing project budget, time to market and product lifetime, designers are faced with an ever increasing system complexity and customer expected quality. The above situation calls for better and better formal verification techniques at all steps of the design flow. This special issue is devoted to publishing revised versions of contributions first presented at the 12th Advanced Research Working Conference on Correct Hardware Design and Verification Methods (CHARME) held 21Ã‚â€“24 October 2003 in LÃ¢â‚¬â„¢Aquila, Italy. Authors of well regarded papers from CHARMEÃ¢â‚¬â„¢03 were invited to submit to this special issue. All papers included here have been suitably extended and have undergone an independent round of reviewing.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number	Sapienza @ mari @ sttt06			Serial	30
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	Author	Della Penna, Giuseppe; Magazzeni, Daniele; Tofani, Alberto; Intrigila, Benedetto; Melatti, Igor; Tronci, Enrico
	Title	Automated Generation Of Optimal Controllers Through Model Checking Techniques			Type	Book Chapter
	Year	2008	Publication	Informatics in Control Automation and Robotics. Selected Papers from ICINCO 2006	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages	107-119
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number	Sapienza @ mari @ Dmtmt08			Serial	26
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	Author	Bartolini, Novella; Tronci, Enrico
	Title	On Optimizing Service Availability of an Internet Based Architecture for Infrastructure Protection			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Cnip	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number	Sapienza @ mari @ Bt06			Serial	28
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	Author	Cecconi, Michele; Tronci, Enrico
	Title	Requirements Formalization and Validation for a Telecommunication Equipment Protection Switcher			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2000	Publication	Hase	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	IEEE Computer Society	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0-7695-0927-4	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number	Sapienza @ mari @ CeTro00			Serial	29
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	Author	Cesta, Amedeo; Finzi, Alberto; Fratini, Simone; Orlandini, Andrea; Tronci, Enrico
	Title	Merging Planning, Scheduling & Verification – A Preliminary Analysis			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	In Proc. of 10th ESA Workshop on Advanced Space Technologies for Robotics and Automation (ASTRA)	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number	Sapienza @ mari @ Astra08			Serial	24
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	Author	Cesta, Amedeo; Finzi, Alberto; Fratini, Simone; Orlandini, Andrea; Tronci, Enrico
	Title	Validation and Verification Issues in a Timeline-based Planning System			Type	Conference Article
	Year	2008	Publication	In E-Proc. of ICAPS Workshop on Knowledge Engineering for Planning and Scheduling	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume		Issue		Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	One of the key points to take into account to foster effective introduction of AI planning and scheduling systems in real world is to develop end user trust in the related technologies. Automated planning and scheduling systems often brings solutions to the users which are neither Ã¢â‚¬Å“obviousÃ¢â‚¬Â nor immediately acceptable for them. This is due to the ability of these tools to take into account quite an amount of temporal and causal constraints and to employ resolution processes often designed to optimize the solution with respect to non trivial evaluation functions. To increase technology trust, the study of tools for verifying and validating plans and schedules produced by AI systems might be instrumental. In general, validation and verification techniques represent a needed complementary technology in developing domain independent architectures for automated problem solving. This paper presents a preliminary report of the issues concerned with the use of two software tools for formal verification of finite state systems to the validation of the solutions produced by MrSPOCK, a recent effort for building a timeline based planning tool in an ESA project.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number	Sapienza @ mari @ Keps08			Serial	25
Permanent link to this record