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Author Alimguzhin, Vadim; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico
Title A Map-Reduce Parallel Approach to Automatic Synthesis of Control Software Type (down) Report
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume abs/1210.2276 Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Many Control Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems, i.e. control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for automatic synthesis of control software.
Available algorithms and tools (e.g., QKS) may require weeks or even months of computation to synthesize control software for large-size systems. This motivates search for parallel algorithms for control software synthesis.
In this paper, we present a map-reduce style parallel algorithm for control software synthesis when the controlled system (plant) is modeled as discrete time linear hybrid system. Furthermore we present an MPI-based implementation PQKS of our algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first parallel approach for control software synthesis.
We experimentally show effectiveness of PQKS on two classical control synthesis problems: the inverted pendulum and the multi-input buck DC/DC converter. Experiments show that PQKS efficiency is above 65%. As an example, PQKS requires about 16 hours to complete the synthesis of control software for the pendulum on a cluster with 60 processors, instead of the 25 days needed by the sequential algorithm in QKS.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CoRR, Technical Report Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Serial 101
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Author Alimguzhin, Vadim; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico
Title On Model Based Synthesis of Embedded Control Software Type (down) Report
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume abs/1207.4474 Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems (SBCSs), that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for control software. Given the formal model of a plant as a Discrete Time Linear Hybrid System and the implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital (AD) conversion) correct-by-construction control software can be automatically generated from System Level Formal Specifications of the closed loop system (that is, safety and liveness requirements), by computing a suitable finite abstraction of the plant.
With respect to given implementation specifications, the automatically generated code implements a time optimal control strategy (in terms of set-up time), has a Worst Case Execution Time linear in the number of AD bits $b$, but unfortunately, its size grows exponentially with respect to $b$. In many embedded systems, there are severe restrictions on the computational resources (such as memory or computational power) available to microcontroller devices.
This paper addresses model based synthesis of control software by trading system level non-functional requirements (such us optimal set-up time, ripple) with software non-functional requirements (its footprint). Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach: for the inverted pendulum benchmark, by using a quantization schema with 12 bits, the size of the small controller is less than 6% of the size of the time optimal one.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CoRR, Technical Report Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Serial 102
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Author Alimguzhin, Vadim; Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico
Title Automatic Control Software Synthesis for Quantized Discrete Time Hybrid Systems Type (down) Report
Year 2012 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume abs/1207.4098 Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems, that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for automatic synthesis of embedded systems control software. This paper addresses control software synthesis for discrete time nonlinear systems. We present a methodology to overapproximate the dynamics of a discrete time nonlinear hybrid system H by means of a discrete time linear hybrid system L(H), in such a way that controllers for L(H) are guaranteed to be controllers for H. We present experimental results on the inverted pendulum, a challenging and meaningful benchmark in nonlinear Hybrid Systems control.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CoRR, Technical Report Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Serial 103
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Author Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico
Title Model Based Synthesis of Control Software from System Level Formal Specifications Type (down) Report
Year 2013 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume abs/1107.5638 Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems, that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for automatic synthesis of embedded systems control software.
We present an algorithm, along with a tool QKS implementing it, that from a formal model (as a Discrete Time Linear Hybrid System) of the controlled system (plant), implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital, AD, conversion) and System Level Formal Specifications (that is, safety and liveness requirements for the closed loop system) returns correct-by-construction control software that has a Worst Case Execution Time (WCET) linear in the number of AD bits and meets the given specifications.
We show feasibility of our approach by presenting experimental results on using it to synthesize control software for a buck DC-DC converter, a widely used mixed-mode analog circuit, and for the inverted pendulum.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CoRR, Technical Report Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Serial 104
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Author Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico
Title From Boolean Functional Equations to Control Software Type (down) Report
Year 2011 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume abs/1106.0468 Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Many software as well digital hardware automatic synthesis methods define the set of implementations meeting the given system specifications with a boolean relation K. In such a context a fundamental step in the software (hardware) synthesis process is finding effective solutions to the functional equation defined by K. This entails finding a (set of) boolean function(s) F (typically represented using OBDDs, Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams) such that: 1) for all x for which K is satisfiable, K(x, F(x)) = 1 holds; 2) the implementation of F is efficient with respect to given implementation parameters such as code size or execution time. While this problem has been widely studied in digital hardware synthesis, little has been done in a software synthesis context. Unfortunately the approaches developed for hardware synthesis cannot be directly used in a software context. This motivates investigation of effective methods to solve the above problem when F has to be implemented with software. In this paper we present an algorithm that, from an OBDD representation for K, generates a C code implementation for F that has the same size as the OBDD for F and a WCET (Worst Case Execution Time) at most O(nr), being n = |x| the number of arguments of functions in F and r the number of functions in F.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CoRR, Technical Report Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Serial 105
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Author Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico
Title Quantized Feedback Control Software Synthesis from System Level Formal Specifications for Buck DC/DC Converters Type (down) Report
Year 2011 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume abs/1105.5640 Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract Many Embedded Systems are indeed Software Based Control Systems (SBCSs), that is control systems whose controller consists of control software running on a microcontroller device. This motivates investigation on Formal Model Based Design approaches for automatic synthesis of SBCS control software. In previous works we presented an algorithm, along with a tool QKS implementing it, that from a formal model (as a Discrete Time Linear Hybrid System, DTLHS) of the controlled system (plant), implementation specifications (that is, number of bits in the Analog-to-Digital, AD, conversion) and System Level Formal Specifications (that is, safety and liveness requirements for the closed loop system) returns correct-by-construction control software that has a Worst Case Execution Time (WCET) linear in the number of AD bits and meets the given specifications. In this technical report we present full experimental results on using it to synthesize control software for two versions of buck DC-DC converters (single-input and multi-input), a widely used mixed-mode analog circuit.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher CoRR, Technical Report Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Serial 106
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Author Tronci, Enrico
Title Introductory Paper Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2006 Publication Sttt Abbreviated Journal
Volume 8 Issue 4-5 Pages 355-358
Keywords
Abstract In today’s competitive market designing of digital systems (hardware as well as software) faces tremendous challenges. In fact, notwithstanding an ever decreasing project budget, time to market and product lifetime, designers are faced with an ever increasing system complexity and customer expected quality. The above situation calls for better and better formal verification techniques at all steps of the design flow. This special issue is devoted to publishing revised versions of contributions first presented at the 12th Advanced Research Working Conference on Correct Hardware Design and Verification Methods (CHARME) held 21–24 October 2003 in L’Aquila, Italy. Authors of well regarded papers from CHARME’03 were invited to submit to this special issue. All papers included here have been suitably extended and have undergone an independent round of reviewing.
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Language Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ sttt06 Serial 30
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Author Cesta, Amedeo; Fratini, Simone; Orlandini, Andrea; Finzi, Alberto; Tronci, Enrico
Title Flexible Plan Verification: Feasibility Results Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Fundamenta Informaticae Abbreviated Journal
Volume 107 Issue 2 Pages 111-137
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Abstract
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Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ fi11 Serial 15
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Author Cesta, Amedeo; Finzi, Alberto; Fratini, Simone; Orlandini, Andrea; Tronci, Enrico
Title Validation and verification issues in a timeline-based planning system Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication The Knowledge Engineering Review Abbreviated Journal
Volume 25 Issue 03 Pages 299-318
Keywords
Abstract One of the key points to take into account to foster effective introduction of AI planning and scheduling systems in real world is to develop end user trust in the related technologies. Automated planning and scheduling systems often brings solutions to the users which are neither “obviousÃ¢â‚¬Âť nor immediately acceptable for them. This is due to the ability of these tools to take into account quite an amount of temporal and causal constraints and to employ resolution processes often designed to optimize the solution with respect to non trivial evaluation functions. To increase technology trust, the study of tools for verifying and validating plans and schedules produced by AI systems might be instrumental. In general, validation and verification techniques represent a needed complementary technology in developing domain independent architectures for automated problem solving. This paper presents a preliminary report of the issues concerned with the use of two software tools for formal verification of finite state systems to the validation of the solutions produced by MrSPOCK, a recent effort for building a timeline based planning tool in an ESA project.
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Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Approved yes
Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Cffot10 Serial 18
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Author Bobbio, Andrea; Ciancamerla, Ester; Minichino, Michele; Tronci, Enrico
Title Functional analysis of a telecontrol system and stochastic measures of its GSM/GPRS connections Type (down) Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Archives of Transport – International Journal of Transport Problems Abbreviated Journal
Volume 17 Issue 3-4 Pages
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Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ jtp05 Serial 31
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