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Author Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico; Alvisi, Lorenzo; Clement, Allen; Li, Harry pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Model Checking Nash Equilibria in MAD Distributed Systems Type Conference Article
  Year 2008 Publication FMCAD '08: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-8  
  Keywords Model Checking, MAD Distributed System, Nash Equilibrium  
  Abstract We present a symbolic model checking algorithm for verification of Nash equilibria in finite state mechanisms modeling Multiple Administrative Domains (MAD) distributed systems. Given a finite state mechanism, a proposed protocol for each agent and an indifference threshold for rewards, our model checker returns PASS if the proposed protocol is a Nash equilibrium (up to the given indifference threshold) for the given mechanism, FAIL otherwise. We implemented our model checking algorithm inside the NuSMV model checker and present experimental results showing its effectiveness for moderate size mechanisms. For example, we can handle mechanisms which corresponding normal form games would have more than $10^20$ entries. To the best of our knowledge, no model checking algorithm for verification of mechanism Nash equilibria has been previously published.  
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  Publisher IEEE Press Place of Publication Piscataway, NJ, USA Editor Cimatti, A.; Jones, R.  
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  ISSN 978-1-4244-2735-2 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ MarMelSalTroAlvCle08 Serial 93  
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Author Driouich, Y.; Parente, M.; Tronci, E. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Modeling cyber-physical systems for automatic verification Type Conference Article
  Year 2017 Publication 14th International Conference on Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design (SMACD 2017) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-4  
  Keywords cyber-physical systems;formal verification;maximum power point trackers;power engineering computing;Modelica;automatic verification;complex power electronics systems;cyber-physical systems modeling;distributed maximum power point tracking system;open standard modeling language;Computational modeling;Control systems;Integrated circuit modeling;Mathematical model;Maximum power point trackers;Object oriented modeling;Radiation effects;Automatic Formal Verification;Cyber-Physical Systems;DMPPT;Modeling;Photovoltaic systems;Simulation;System Analysis and Design  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ ref7981621 Serial 168  
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Author Driouich, Y.; Parente, M.; Tronci, E. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title A methodology for a complete simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication EESMS 2018 – Environmental, Energy, and Structural Monitoring Systems, Proceedings Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-5  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ Driouich20181 Serial 169  
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Author Mancini, T.; Mari, F.; Melatti, I.; Salvo, I.; Tronci, E.; Gruber, J.; Hayes, B.; Prodanovic, M.; Elmegaard, L. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Parallel Statistical Model Checking for Safety Verification in Smart Grids Type Conference Article
  Year 2018 Publication 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids (SmartGridComm) Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-6  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ mancini-etal:2018:smartgridcomm Serial 170  
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Author Sinisi, S.; Alimguzhin, V.; Mancini, T.; Tronci, E.; Leeners, B. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Complete populations of virtual patients for in silico clinical trials Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication Bioinformatics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-8  
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  Abstract Model-based approaches to safety and efficacy assessment of pharmacological drugs, treatment strategies, or medical devices (In Silico Clinical Trial, ISCT) aim to decrease time and cost for the needed experimentations, reduce animal and human testing, and enable precision medicine. Unfortunately, in presence of non-identifiable models (e.g., reaction networks), parameter estimation is not enough to generate complete populations of Virtual Patient (VPs), i.e., populations guaranteed to show the entire spectrum of model behaviours (phenotypes), thus ensuring representativeness of the trial.We present methods and software based on global search driven by statistical model checking that, starting from a (non-identifiable) quantitative model of the human physiology (plus drugs PK/PD) and suitable biological and medical knowledge elicited from experts, compute a population of VPs whose behaviours are representative of the whole spectrum of phenotypes entailed by the model (completeness) and pairwise distinguishable according to user-provided criteria. This enables full granularity control on the size of the population to employ in an ISCT, guaranteeing representativeness while avoiding over-representation of behaviours.We proved the effectiveness of our algorithm on a non-identifiable ODE-based model of the female Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal axis, by generating a population of 4 830 264 VPs stratified into 7 levels (at different granularity of behaviours), and assessed its representativeness against 86 retrospective health records from Pfizer, Hannover Medical School and University Hospital of Lausanne. The datasets are respectively covered by our VPs within Average Normalised Mean Absolute Error of 15%, 20%, and 35% (90% of the latter dataset is covered within 20% error).  
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  ISSN 1367-4803 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ ref10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa1026 Serial 182  
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Author Melatti, I.; Mari, F.; Mancini, T.; Prodanovic, M.; Tronci, E. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title A Two-Layer Near-Optimal Strategy for Substation Constraint Management via Home Batteries Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-1  
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  Abstract Within electrical distribution networks, substation constraints management requires that aggregated power demand from residential users is kept within suitable bounds. Efficiency of substation constraints management can be measured as the reduction of constraints violations w.r.t. unmanaged demand. Home batteries hold the promise of enabling efficient and user-oblivious substation constraints management. Centralized control of home batteries would achieve optimal efficiency. However, it is hardly acceptable by users, since service providers (e.g., utilities or aggregators) would directly control batteries at user premises. Unfortunately, devising efficient hierarchical control strategies, thus overcoming the above problem, is far from easy. We present a novel two-layer control strategy for home batteries that avoids direct control of home devices by the service provider and at the same time yields near-optimal substation constraints management efficiency. Our simulation results on field data from 62 households in Denmark show that the substation constraints management efficiency achieved with our approach is at least 82% of the one obtained with a theoretical optimal centralized strategy.  
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  Notes To appear Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ ref9513535 Serial 190  
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Author Mancini, T.; Melatti, I.; Tronci, E. pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Any-horizon uniform random sampling and enumeration of constrained scenarios for simulation-based formal verification Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 1-1  
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  Abstract Model-based approaches to the verification of non-terminating Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) usually rely on numerical simulation of the System Under Verification (SUV) model under input scenarios of possibly varying duration, chosen among those satisfying given constraints. Such constraints typically stem from requirements (or assumptions) on the SUV inputs and its operational environment as well as from the enforcement of additional conditions aiming at, e.g., prioritising the (often extremely long) verification activity, by, e.g., focusing on scenarios explicitly exercising selected requirements, or avoiding </i>vacuity</i> in their satisfaction. In this setting, the possibility to efficiently sample at random (with a known distribution, e.g., uniformly) within, or to efficiently enumerate (possibly in a uniformly random order) scenarios among those satisfying all the given constraints is a key enabler for the practical viability of the verification process, e.g., via simulation-based statistical model checking. Unfortunately, in case of non-trivial combinations of constraints, iterative approaches like Markovian random walks in the space of sequences of inputs in general fail in extracting scenarios according to a given distribution (e.g., uniformly), and can be very inefficient to produce at all scenarios that are both legal (with respect to SUV assumptions) and of interest (with respect to the additional constraints). For example, in our case studies, up to 91% of the scenarios generated using such iterative approaches would need to be neglected. In this article, we show how, given a set of constraints on the input scenarios succinctly defined by multiple finite memory monitors, a data structure (scenario generator) can be synthesised, from which any-horizon scenarios satisfying the input constraints can be efficiently extracted by (possibly uniform) random sampling or (randomised) enumeration. Our approach enables seamless support to virtually all simulation-based approaches to CPS verification, ranging from simple random testing to statistical model checking and formal (i.e., exhaustive) verification, when a suitable bound on the horizon or an iterative horizon enlargement strategy is defined, as in the spirit of bounded model checking.  
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  ISSN 1939-3520 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes To appear Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ ref9527998 Serial 191  
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Author Della Penna, Giuseppe; Magazzeni, Daniele; Tofani, Alberto; Intrigila, Benedetto; Melatti, Igor; Tronci, Enrico pdf  doi
openurl 
  Title Automatic Synthesis of Robust Numerical Controllers Type Conference Article
  Year 2007 Publication Icas '07 Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages (up) 4  
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  Abstract A major problem of numerical controllers is their robustness, i.e. the state read from the plant may not be in the controller table, although it may be close to some states in the table. For continuous systems, this problem is typically handled by interpolation techniques. Unfortunately, when the plant contains both continuous and discrete variables, the interpolation approach does not work well. To cope with this kind of systems, we propose a general methodology that exploits explicit model checking in an innovative way to automatically synthesize a (time-) optimal numerical controller from a plant specification and apply an optimized strengthening algorithm only on the most significant states, in order to reach an acceptable robustness degree. We implemented all the algorithms within our CGMurphi tool, an extension of the well-known CMurphi verifier, and tested the effectiveness of our approach by applying it to the well-known truck and trailer obstacles avoidance problem.  
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  Publisher IEEE Computer Society Place of Publication Editor  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0-7695-2859-5 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Sapienza @ mari @ Dmtimt07 Serial 89  
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Author Mari, Federico; Melatti, Igor; Salvo, Ivano; Tronci, Enrico pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Model Based Synthesis of Control Software from System Level Formal Specifications Type Journal Article
  Year 2014 Publication ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY Abbreviated Journal ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY  
  Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages (up) Article 6  
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  ISSN 1049-331X ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Sapienza @ melatti @ Serial 110  
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Author Mancini, T.; Mari, F.; Massini, A.; Melatti, I.; Tronci, E. pdf  url
doi  openurl
  Title Anytime system level verification via parallel random exhaustive hardware in the loop simulation Type Journal Article
  Year 2016 Publication Microprocessors and Microsystems Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 41 Issue Pages (up) 12-28  
  Keywords Model Checking of Hybrid Systems; Model checking driven simulation; Hardware in the loop simulation  
  Abstract Abstract System level verification of cyber-physical systems has the goal of verifying that the whole (i.e., software + hardware) system meets the given specifications. Model checkers for hybrid systems cannot handle system level verification of actual systems. Thus, Hardware In the Loop Simulation (HILS) is currently the main workhorse for system level verification. By using model checking driven exhaustive HILS, System Level Formal Verification (SLFV) can be effectively carried out for actual systems. We present a parallel random exhaustive HILS based model checker for hybrid systems that, by simulating all operational scenarios exactly once in a uniform random order, is able to provide, at any time during the verification process, an upper bound to the probability that the System Under Verification exhibits an error in a yet-to-be-simulated scenario (Omission Probability). We show effectiveness of the proposed approach by presenting experimental results on SLFV of the Inverted Pendulum on a Cart and the Fuel Control System examples in the Simulink distribution. To the best of our knowledge, no previously published model checker can exhaustively verify hybrid systems of such a size and provide at any time an upper bound to the Omission Probability.  
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  ISSN 0141-9331 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number MCLab @ davi @ Mancini201612 Serial 155  
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