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Federico Mari, Igor Melatti, Ivano Salvo, Enrico Tronci, Lorenzo Alvisi, Allen Clement, and Harry Li. "Model Checking Nash Equilibria in MAD Distributed Systems." In FMCAD '08: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, edited by A. Cimatti and R. Jones, 1–8. Piscataway, NJ, USA: IEEE Press, 2008. ISSN: 978-1-4244-2735-2. DOI: 10.1109/FMCAD.2008.ECP.16.
Abstract: We present a symbolic model checking algorithm for verification of Nash equilibria in finite state mechanisms modeling Multiple Administrative Domains (MAD) distributed systems. Given a finite state mechanism, a proposed protocol for each agent and an indifference threshold for rewards, our model checker returns PASS if the proposed protocol is a Nash equilibrium (up to the given indifference threshold) for the given mechanism, FAIL otherwise. We implemented our model checking algorithm inside the NuSMV model checker and present experimental results showing its effectiveness for moderate size mechanisms. For example, we can handle mechanisms which corresponding normal form games would have more than $10^20$ entries. To the best of our knowledge, no model checking algorithm for verification of mechanism Nash equilibria has been previously published.
Keywords: Model Checking, MAD Distributed System, Nash Equilibrium
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Y. Driouich, M. Parente, and E. Tronci. "A methodology for a complete simulation of Cyber-Physical Energy Systems." In EESMS 2018 – Environmental, Energy, and Structural Monitoring Systems, Proceedings, 1–5., 2018. DOI: 10.1109/EESMS.2018.8405826.
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T. Mancini, F. Mari, I. Melatti, I. Salvo, E. Tronci, J. K. Gruber, B. Hayes, M. Prodanovic, and L. Elmegaard. "User Flexibility Aware Price Policy Synthesis for Smart Grids." In Digital System Design (DSD), 2015 Euromicro Conference on, 478–485., 2015. DOI: 10.1109/DSD.2015.35.
Keywords: Contracts; Current measurement; Load management; Power demand; Power measurement; State estimation; Substations; Grid State Estimation; Peak Shaving; Policy Robustness Verification; Price Policy Synthesis
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V. Alimguzhin, F. Mari, I. Melatti, E. Tronci, E. Ebeid, S. A. Mikkelsen, R. H. Jacobsen, J. K. Gruber, B. Hayes, F. Huerta et al. "A Glimpse of SmartHG Project Test-bed and Communication Infrastructure." In Digital System Design (DSD), 2015 Euromicro Conference on, 225–232., 2015. DOI: 10.1109/DSD.2015.106.
Keywords: Batteries; Control systems; Databases; Production; Sensors; Servers; Smart grids; Grid State Estimation; Peak Shaving; Policy Robustness Verification; Price Policy Synthesis
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Toni Mancini, Federico Mari, Annalisa Massini, Igor Melatti, and Enrico Tronci. "Anytime System Level Verification via Random Exhaustive Hardware In The Loop Simulation." In In Proceedings of 17th EuroMicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD 2014)., 2014. DOI: 10.1109/DSD.2014.91.
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Andrea Bobbio, Ester Ciancamerla, Saverio Di Blasi, Alessandro Iacomini, Federico Mari, Igor Melatti, Michele Minichino, Alessandro Scarlatti, Enrico Tronci, Roberta Terruggia et al. "Risk analysis via heterogeneous models of SCADA interconnecting Power Grids and Telco networks." In Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Risks and Security of Internet and Systems (CRiSIS), 90–97., 2009. DOI: 10.1109/CRISIS.2009.5411974.
Abstract: The automation of power grids by means of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems has led to an improvement of power grid operations and functionalities but also to pervasive cyber interdependencies between power grids and telecommunication networks. Many power grid services are increasingly depending upon the adequate functionality of SCADA system which in turn strictly depends on the adequate functionality of its communication infrastructure. We propose to tackle the SCADA risk analysis by means of different and heterogeneous modeling techniques and software tools. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach through a case study on an actual SCADA system for an electrical power distribution grid. The modeling techniques we discuss aim at providing a probabilistic dependability analysis, followed by a worst case analysis in presence of malicious attacks and a real-time performance evaluation.
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Giuseppe Della Penna, Daniele Magazzeni, Alberto Tofani, Benedetto Intrigila, Igor Melatti, and Enrico Tronci. "Automatic Synthesis of Robust Numerical Controllers." In Icas '07, 4. IEEE Computer Society, 2007. ISSN: 0-7695-2859-5. DOI: 10.1109/CONIELECOMP.2007.59.
Abstract: A major problem of numerical controllers is their robustness, i.e. the state read from the plant may not be in the controller table, although it may be close to some states in the table. For continuous systems, this problem is typically handled by interpolation techniques. Unfortunately, when the plant contains both continuous and discrete variables, the interpolation approach does not work well. To cope with this kind of systems, we propose a general methodology that exploits explicit model checking in an innovative way to automatically synthesize a (time-) optimal numerical controller from a plant specification and apply an optimized strengthening algorithm only on the most significant states, in order to reach an acceptable robustness degree. We implemented all the algorithms within our CGMurphi tool, an extension of the well-known CMurphi verifier, and tested the effectiveness of our approach by applying it to the well-known truck and trailer obstacles avoidance problem.
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Benedetto Intrigila, Daniele Magazzeni, Igor Melatti, and Enrico Tronci. "A Model Checking Technique for the Verification of Fuzzy Control Systems." In CIMCA '05: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation and International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies and Internet Commerce Vol-1 (CIMCA-IAWTIC'06), 536–542. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, 2005. ISSN: 0-7695-2504-0-01. DOI: 10.1109/CIMCA.2005.1631319.
Abstract: Fuzzy control is well known as a powerful technique for designing and realizing control systems. However, statistical evidence for their correct behavior may be not enough, even when it is based on a large number of samplings. In order to provide a more systematic verification process, the cell-to-cell mapping technology has been used in a number of cases as a verification tool for fuzzy control systems and, more recently, to assess their optimality and robustness. However, cell-to-cell mapping is typically limited in the number of cells it can explore. To overcome this limitation, in this paper we show how model checking techniques may be instead used to verify the correct behavior of a fuzzy control system. To this end, we use a modified version of theMurphi verifier, which ease the modeling phase by allowing to use finite precision real numbers and external C functions. In this way, also already designed simulators may be used for the verification phase. With respect to the cell mapping technique, our approach appears to be complementary; indeed, it explores a much larger number of states, at the cost of being less informative on the global dynamic of the system.
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Vadim Alimguzhin, Federico Mari, Igor Melatti, Ivano Salvo, and Enrico Tronci. "Automatic Control Software Synthesis for Quantized Discrete Time Hybrid Systems." In Proceedings of the 51th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2012, December 10-13, 2012, Maui, HI, USA, 6120–6125. IEEE, 2012. ISBN: 978-1-4673-2065-8. Notes: Techreport version can be found at http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.4098. DOI: 10.1109/CDC.2012.6426260.
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Francesco Brizzolari, Igor Melatti, Enrico Tronci, and Giuseppe Della Penna. "Disk Based Software Verification via Bounded Model Checking." In APSEC '07: Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, 358–365. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, 2007. ISSN: 0-7695-3057-5. DOI: 10.1109/APSEC.2007.43.
Abstract: One of the most successful approach to automatic software verification is SAT based bounded model checking (BMC). One of the main factors limiting the size of programs that can be automatically verified via BMC is the huge number of clauses that the backend SAT solver has to process. In fact, because of this, the SAT solver may easily run out of RAM. We present two disk based algorithms that can considerably decrease the number of clauses that a BMC backend SAT solver has to process in RAM. Our experimental results show that using our disk based algorithms we can automatically verify programs that are out of reach for RAM based BMC.
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